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]bf!S4)J# I{. ){to\8a|hEu\.bVYN8=XnQ`;X80K!V. If you could advise world leaders on reducing conflict, what would you say. Identifying the possible or probable cause will help create a course of action for this particular conflict and be better prepared for, and even eliminate, a similar problem in the future. A conflict of interest emerges when people have differing opinions. (i) Provision of employment for workers. As resources dwindle and an organization has to make do with less, departments will compete to get those resources. All questions carry equal marks, SECTION I 0000006706 00000 n
You can download the paper by clicking the button above. Lock-outs. Some of the key conflicts identified at the inception, design, construction and project management stages include; low recognition and lack of authority, design error, design omission, design not meeting specification, cost overrun, quality of work, running late, operational faults, conflict of loyalty and by-passing a 'single' point of contact. Maria has taught University level psychology and mathematics courses for over 20 years. ffNn5z
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L@fjD:ClwV| !j20 a8!l6d WA@,3F`03)e40 [JJP9cD`4 L [10] BoG 2015. In terms of trade relations, Mozambique forms part of the top five South African trade partners within the SADC region. (b) Effects of conflicts in Ghana A descriptive survey was used for the study based on qualitative research method. This ensures higher interest in agric as well as increased yield / productivity, which would mean increased financial income for the agriculturists in the rural areas. 301-315. It is a natural part of life that can have positive outcomes or incredibly destructive outcomes depending on how it is resolved. (iv) Increased cost of living Ghana Country Profile, on the British Broadcasting Corporation Website, viewed on 15 October 2018, from https://www.bbc.com/. Conflicts driven by this factor are demonstrated in serious conflicts wherein separate parties have sets of beliefs that they assert in an aggressive manner. Inequalities tend to arise principally out of differences in economic development and to some extent endowment in natural resources. [2] GoG 2019. The change of seasons creates conflict because each season is at odds with the next. If there aren't enough material and supplies for every worker, then those who do get resources and those who don't are likely to experience conflict. Copyright 2015-2023 PESA. 3.3 Interest. - Theories & Examples, The Motivational Cycle: Definition, Stages & Examples, Acquired Needs Theory: Need for Achievement, Power & Affiliation, Exploratory Behavior & Curiosity: Psychology & Relationship, Emotions in Psychology: Definition, Biological Components & Survival, Theories of Emotion: James-Lange, Cannon-Bard, Two-Factor & Facial Feedback Hypothesis, James-Lange & Cannon-Bard Theories of Emotion, Effects of Motivation & Emotion on Perception, Cognition & Behavior, UExcel Introduction to Sociology: Study Guide & Test Prep, DSST Human Cultural Geography: Study Guide & Test Prep, Introduction to Human Geography: Certificate Program, Foundations of Education: Certificate Program, NY Regents Exam - Global History and Geography: Help and Review, NY Regents Exam - US History and Government: Help and Review, NY Regents Exam - Global History and Geography: Tutoring Solution, Abnormal Psychology: Homework Help Resource, CLEP American Government: Study Guide & Test Prep, Introduction to American Government: Certificate Program, Introduction to Counseling: Certificate Program, DSST Fundamentals of Counseling: Study Guide & Test Prep, Psychology 103: Human Growth and Development, Man vs. Society Conflict: Definition & Examples, What is External Conflict in Literature? You want the difference of opinion to possibly identify new and different ways of doing things but you have to be prepared to deal with the conflict that occurs when passionate, committed people come together to solve a problem or address an issue. The overwhelming majority of the participants currently attending our programs arrive with a preset agenda that reflects their work-related priorities. The belief that one must not sweep at night (iv) Land ownership problems Analysts who consider identities such as ethnicity to be primordial are correct in that identities are not simple to assume and discard. They include the Dagbon, Bawku, Bimbilla, Bolga and Bole chieftaincy conflicts. These styles can be a major source of many conflicts, irritating as may! 3475 0 obj<>
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Data were drawn from secondary and primary sources. Ghana ranks 43rd in the Global Peace Index. The empire became known in Europe and Arabia as the Ghana Empire after the title of its Emperor, the Ghana. An error occurred trying to load this video. Parallel conflicts are increasing within the current political climate. This occurs typically due to how people are different from one another. Available At: http://www.ghana.gov.gh/ [Last Accessed: 7 February 2019]. Unfortunately, there are many types of conflict in the workplace, and it would be wise to be aware of most of them. (ii) Helps to ensure the security of ones future (for a rainy day) (iii) Enables one to purchase or do something expensive in future. The study relies on a survey of 600 people in different parts of the Northern Region to ascertain the perceptions of people about conflicts in the region. In addition to this, confidential surveys, interviews and focus groups can be a good way of uncovering interpersonal sources of conflict. 0
3.3 Identify skills and approaches needed for resolving conflicts (Level 2 Diploma in Care, Responsibilities of a care worker) 3.3 Identify skills and approaches needed for resolving . A strong correlation between economic performance and conflict has been a feature throughout Ghanas history. Interdependence describes the extent to which employees rely on other employees to get their work done. 0000002190 00000 n
A number of studies have emphasized the broad disparity between the North and the South of the country in terms of levels of economic development and the general quality of life resulting in the relative backwardness of Northern Ghana in relation to Southern Ghana. You can change your cookie settings at any time. Political intolerance between the two major political parties, the New Patriotic Party and National Democratic Congress, is a constant feature[14]. Resource scarcity also leads to conflict. Causes of Conflict. For instance, an organization might set a standard where only a certain percent of the employees can achieve the top ranking for raises and bonuses. Examples of enactments are Acts of Parliament, Acts of Parliament are passed by Parliament itself, examples include the Minerals and Mining, (PNDCL 227) the Banking Law, 1989 (PNDCL 225), the Finance Lease Law, 1993 (PNDCL, Regulations are delegated or subsidiary legislation enacted by persons or. As resources dwindle and an organization has to make do with less, departments will compete to get those resources. (a) Why the Watson Commission was set up This study seeks to establish the main explanation for the conflict; identify and evaluate the main actors and policies aimed at resolving the crisis; identify all stakeholders in the conflict and . (i) Banks (saving account, current account, treasury bill, etc) (ii) Savings and loans companies They therefore use various kinds of weapons which kill people, cause serious injuries or destroy property. This is because businesses and other service providers may be forced to shut down / suspend / significantly reduce their services, thereby lowering the per capita income. The same standards of work, production numbers, and clean-up should be upheld by all three teams. Others are layered with minefields of complexity. Please complete the General Enquiry form and submit it to us for a response. What type of conflict is most common in the world today? Conflict is inevitable when you are leading a team through change, transitioning from peer to supervisor or trying to step up performance on a project with high visibility. Retirement Compensation Systems: 401(k) and Pensions. M. Simmons and P. Dixon (2006), Peace by Piece, Addressing Sudan's Conflicts, London, Concordis. [12] GoG 1992. Departments within the organization feel like they are working at cross-purposes, even though theyre both operating under the assumption that their choices are best for the company. Click here for more information. The Africa Portal is a research repository and an expert analysis hub on African affairs. All rights reserved. 'Inter-' means external and 'group' means sets of multiple things, so intergroup conflict relates to conflicts that happen between solidified groups of people. A good project manager avoids these types of conflicts by managing their team with clear . Customary laws, are however, largely unwritten, and have to be discovered from reported decisions of the courts, and from a handful of a textbook. PESA may also use the information you have provided for internal record-keeping or other business requirements. (x) Tribal /ethnic / racial / cultural differences The inability of these parties to accept certain political outcomes and decisions due to their political affiliations poses a risk of intractable positions escalating into violent outbreaks, which taken to the extreme could precipitate civil war. They also learned that the language of leadership is dependent upon the thoughtful consideration of the leader. (iv) Helps one to make significant investment in a given venture. and as the most peaceful country in West Africa. (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); This div height required for enabling the sticky sidebar. The Republic of Namibia is one of the least densely populated countries in the world with a total populations of just over 2.3 million and a land area of 824 292 square kilometers. (ii) The media (both print and electronic) This style is appropriate when: These includes inter-ethnic conflicts, mostly centred on control over land and other resources and sovereignty issues; intra ethnic conflicts around land ownership, competing uses of land and the siting of institutions and services, but mostly about chieftaincy succession; and conflicts between state institutions, such as the police and communities, over policing and law and order issues arising from communal conflicts and inter-personal disputes. People may move out of their family homes /schools /workplace / worship centre / communities / towns / regions, wherever the conflict may be, to other places. However, military intervention tended to aggravate rather than improve the status quo. Those sources are. As a member, you'll also get unlimited access to over 84,000 Certain aspects, of these practices, which are painful, shameful, humiliating or dehumanising must be either stopped or modified to more acceptable forms. More and more specialists believe that conflict management is as important as the other management functions. 36, No. His duties include the appointment of the members of the Army Council which oversee the entire military operations. Begin by collecting several current events articles or videos. The UN began a process of reform, searching for ways in which the organisation could be adapted to meet the realities of this changing international environment. If this is done it would take away the fear that makes some people escape and hence encourage them to stay in the rural areas. Much conflict exists in every workplace without turning into disputes. Introduction. In order to avoid future coups, the 1992 Constitution affirms the parliament as the only authority that can evoke military action. arrested and being sent to prison, etc. The R&D team might come up with something fantastic, featuring loads of bells and whistles that the consumer will put to excellent use. The Republic of Ghana is named after the medieval West African Ghana Empire. [any four], 5. To unlock this lesson you must be a Study.com Member. Wouldn't the world be a better place if all the conflict was gone? This has led to a minor deterioration in gross official foreign Economic growth globally continues to be subdued. Full Name (required) If you need it tomorrow, call us today! Organizational sources of conflict are those events or factors that cause goals to differ. 3.1 Vague Definition of Responsibility. This could make life difficult or even unbearable for them. Stronger relations began after the end of the civil war in 2002. The word "enactment", does not mean the same thing as the "Act." Others include peace as gaia (balance in and with the ecosphere), inner peace (spiritual peace) and as wholeness (making whole). There are several other sources of conflict of course, but one thing is certain: In the absence of clarity around the source of the conflict, it is difficult (if not impossible) for the leader to effectively speak the language of Situational Leadership . Available At: https://www.jstor.org/ [Last Accessed: 30 January 2019]. In addition, Ghana is the first African country to achieve Millennium Development Goal 1, which is pursuant of the objective of a state reducing by half the abject poverty of its citizens[9]. (a) Reasons for saving Contemporary Ghana enjoys greater political stability than it did shortly after independence: the countrys political decline after acquiring independence was fairly rapid, with the first coup occurring six years after the inauguration of the first republic. Nevertheless the periodic flaring up of conflicts into serious violence has become a source of worry. (x) The monopoly and other negative practices of the Association of West African Merchants (AWAM) made several African businesses suffer and hence brought great economic hardships to the local people. 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The transition from British rule to self-government was not smooth, characterised by several coups that point to considerable levels of contestation for power. lessons in math, English, science, history, and more. (iv) There were insufficient facilities for education and health Ghana has since overcome political, economic and social deficits associated with coups to emerge as a significant player and trading partner in Africa. Outline four avenues for saving. Uncertainty makes it difficult for managers to set clear directions, and lack of clear direction leads to conflict. This has led to a short-term improvement e in gross official reserves. Organizational Avoiding Conflicts. The times when subsistence farming was enough are past and gone. In the world of project management, project costs and budgets are the backbone of any project. Problems: Anyone can be involved in a conflict, and the amount of time, money, and equipment needed for resolution will vary according to its complexity. Such requirements are included to safeguard against unwarranted military appraisal and to prevent dictatorships from emerging. One of these lay in the creation of a Peacebuilding Commission (PBC), which would fill what Annan described as an institutional gap in the UNs peace and security architecture. Some of these incentives could be tax rebates, tax holidays, manpower training, subsidies, award schemes. (xiv) Modernisation of agricultural industry in the rural areas 1960, Ghana has had three other Constitutions. The first step would involve the manager pulling the employees aside, and having one-on-one informal conversations with each of them to gain an understanding of what has taken place. If there aren't enough material and supplies for every worker, then those who do get resources and those who don't are likely to experience conflict. (ii) make recommendations to the colonial administration on how to prevent future occurrences, (b) Reasons for the 1948 riots 6. By continuing to use the site, you agree to the use of cookies. (xiii) Amendment of negative cultural practices Course Hero is not sponsored or endorsed by any college or university. Quite a number of rural folks migrate to the urban areas without even knowing what awaits Introduction. Resources 2. World History Encyclopedia, Era 9: Promises and Paradoxes, Proceedings of the Partnership for Peace [PfP] Consortium 9th Workshop of the Study Group Regional Stability in the South Caucasus - From Self-Defence to Regional Disarmament: Reducing Tensions and Stabilising the South Caucasus, edited by Frederic Labarre and Ernst M. Felberbauer, Elin Bjarnegrd, Erik Melander, Karin Johansson, Faktionalismus, Institutionen und Politische Instabilitt in Afrikanischen Staaten Sdlich Der Sahara $ h, The role of humanitarian and development aid in the economy of war, The genesis of recurring wars in Sudan: Rethinking the violent conflicts in the Nuba Mountains / South Kordofan, Northern Uganda: Protracted Conflict and Structures of Violence, The Peacemaking Effectiveness of Regional Organisations, Ethnic Conflicts in the South Caucasus: A Tripartite Approach in Explaining the Causes and Consequences of War, Conflict Dynamics in the Mano River Region: A Contextual Analysis, Post-independnce Peace Building in South Sudan: Looking Beyond Ephemeral Peace, ebooksclub org Building Sustainable Peace, Report of Conflict Assessment of EAC Partner States fin, Bulletin N85 Spring 2010 concernedafricascholars.org, Master's Degree in International Development Policy THE AFRICAN UNION AND THE PRINCIPLE OF RESPONSIBILITY TO PROTECT --A CASE STUDY OF THE LIBYAN UPRISING IN 2011, South Sudans Post-Secession Crisis in a Comparative Perspective, Building Sustainable Futures: Enacting Peace and Development, Pathways to Secession: Separatist Trajectories in Nagorno-Karabakh, Chechnya and Kosovo, War and Genocide in Africa's Great Lakes since Independence, TITLE PAPEACEKEEPING IN AFRICA AND NONVIOLENCE AS AN ALTERNATIVE: AN ASSESSMENT OF THE IVORIAN 2010-2011 POST-ELECTION CRISES, External Threat and Democracy: The Role of NATO Revisited, FROM SELF-DEFENCE TO REGIONAL DISARMAMENT: REDUCING TENSIONS AND STABILISING THE SOUTH CAUCASUS, The Somali Conflict: Root causes, obstacles, and peace-building strategies, The Russian-Georgian August War of 2008 in the Context of Georgias External Security, The Coming Anarchy in Oceania? More often than not our facilitators around the world begin our leadership workshops by asking some version of the following question: There was a time when that inquiry would be met with responses that sounded something like this: Im not really sure. Article 11 of the 1992 Ghana Constitution states that the laws of Ghana shall comprise: Enactments made by or under the authority of the Parliament established by the, Any Orders, Rules, and Regulations made by any person or authority under a power. Believe that conflict management is as important as the `` Act.,. Dwindle and an organization has to make significant investment in a given venture Member! Economic development and to some extent endowment in natural resources, call us today http! War in 2002 British rule to self-government was not smooth, characterised by several coups that point to considerable of... Interest emerges when people have differing opinions the SADC region all questions carry equal marks, SECTION I 00000. 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